Yes, in India, specific laws govern the custody of children born out of wedlock, providing protections and rights for both the child and the parents. Here are the key aspects regarding custody of children born out of wedlock in India: Guardians and Wards Act, 1890: The Guardians and Wards Act, 1890, is one of the primary laws governing custody matters in India, including children born out of wedlock. Under this Act, the court may appoint a guardian for a minor child and determine custody arrangements in the child's best interests. Welfare of the Child: The welfare and best interests of the child are paramount considerations in determining custody arrangements, regardless of the child's legitimacy status. The court will assess various factors, including the child's age, needs, and well-being, to make custody decisions. Mother's Custody Rights: By default, the mother of a child born out of wedlock has primary custody rights, unless there are compelling reasons to grant custody to another party. The mother is considered the natural guardian of the child and has the right to care for and make decisions on behalf of the child's welfare. Father's Rights: The biological father of a child born out of wedlock also has rights regarding custody and visitation. The father may petition the court for custody or visitation rights and may be granted access to the child based on the child's best interests. Paternity Establishment: Establishing paternity is crucial in determining the father's rights and obligations regarding custody and support. If paternity is disputed, the court may order DNA testing or other methods to establish biological parentage. Legitimization: In some cases, children born out of wedlock may be legitimized through subsequent marriage or other legal processes. Legitimization can impact custody and inheritance rights and may be considered by the court in custody proceedings. Protection of Rights: The Indian legal system recognizes and protects the rights of children born out of wedlock to ensure they receive proper care, support, and upbringing. Custody decisions are made with the child's best interests as the primary consideration, irrespective of the child's legitimacy status. Overall, while there may not be specific laws exclusively governing custody of children born out of wedlock, the existing legal framework under the Guardians and Wards Act, 1890, and other relevant laws ensures that custody decisions are made in the child's best interests, taking into account the unique circumstances of each case.